Carbon offsetting claims economic efficiency in climate mitigation, yet additionality failures, permanence risks, and market integrity issues challenge its viability as primary climate solution.

The Severn Run natural environment area generates $45-65 million annually in ecosystem services. This Maryland watershed supports water quality, flood mitigation, recreation, and property values.

Inflation accelerates ecosystem degradation through resource extraction incentives, conservation budget cuts, and poverty-driven unsustainable practices. Ecological economics reveals hidden environmental costs.

Recent research reveals circular economy models dramatically reduce ecosystem degradation through decreased extraction, pollution reduction, and biodiversity recovery, with measurable improvements within years.

Ecosystem services depend on biodiversity, land use patterns, climate conditions, and human management. Understanding these drivers enables sustainable resource management protecting critical services supporting human wellbeing.

Biodiversity's economic value reaches trillions annually through ecosystem services. Recent research reveals conservation's financial imperative beyond ecological arguments.